can I eat swordfish?
Swordfish should be avoided completely during pregnancy. Both NHS and FDA guidance place it on the do-not-eat list because it contains some of the highest mercury levels of any fish.
why it matters
Swordfish is a large predatory fish at the top of the food chain, so mercury accumulates in its flesh over its long life. Mercury crosses the placenta and can affect a baby's developing brain and nervous system — and unlike bacteria, it can't be cooked away.
how to have it safely
There's no safe preparation — cooking doesn't reduce mercury. Swap in lower-mercury fish with a similar meaty texture, like cod, haddock or salmon.
worth knowing
- UK (NHS): avoid swordfish, marlin and shark entirely during pregnancy and while trying to conceive.
- US (FDA): swordfish is on the 'choices to avoid' list, alongside shark, king mackerel, marlin, orange roughy, bigeye tuna and tilefish.
- Mercury is the issue, not bacteria — a perfectly cooked swordfish steak carries the same risk as a rare one.
- One accidental serving isn't cause for panic; the concern is regular exposure over time.
common questions
I ate swordfish before I knew I was pregnant — should I worry?
One serving is very unlikely to cause harm. Mercury risk builds with repeated exposure over time. Simply avoid it from now on, and mention it to your midwife or doctor if you're anxious.
Which fish are highest in mercury?
Swordfish, shark, marlin, king mackerel, bigeye tuna, orange roughy and tilefish top the list. All are best avoided completely during pregnancy.
also in fish & seafood
Aligned with guidance from the NHS, FDA and WHO. This is general information, not personal medical advice — check with your midwife or doctor about your own situation. How we write.